What do the calf muscles do?
The calf has two main muscles. The gastrocnemius is the larger one you can see, and the soleus lies underneath it. Both point the foot downwards, which pushes you forward with every step and lifts you onto your toes.
How do you train your calves?
Calf raises train both muscles. Straight-knee raises favour the gastrocnemius, and bent-knee raises, like the seated version, shift more of the work onto the soleus. A slow lowering and a full stretch at the bottom make each rep count.